Essay Grade

Process Improvement Project
For this assignment select either your own organization or an organization about which you
know enough to review the supply chain processes and identify a process that can be improved in
your sphere of influence.
Phase I: Improvement Opportunity
Write 500-750 words on improvement opportunity in your sphere of influence. Address each of
the following sections:
Quality Tool Analysis
Identify your problem statement and complete a root-cause analysis. Identify which quality tools
you used to identify and vet the problem. Explain the quantitative and qualitative tools you used
and provide a summary of how you arrived at your problem.
Stakeholder Analysis
Complete the interactive “Stakeholder Analysis: Winning Support for Your Projects,” located on
the Mind Tools website. In Step 2, select the “Interactive Screen App” hyperlink. Provide a
Power/Interest Grid of your completed chart (using either a picture format or a handwritten
document). In addition, provide a summary that includes considerations for all stakeholders.
These considerations will form your communication plan in Part II.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the
Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to
become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the
Student Success Center.
Phase II: Planning and Implementation
In Phase II of the Process Improvement Project you will be creating a project timeline to help
you implement the proposed solution to the problem statement defined in Phase I. As a project
leader, you will need to consider several things before you start the project. The project leader
must preplan, plan, and kickoff the project.
Planning of the Project
As the project leader, write 500-750 words that address these items:
1. Identify which methodologies and strategies you will implement to meet your goals.
Provide rationale for why you did not select some of the other methodologies and
strategies.
© 2016. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
2. Which business functions will be impacted by your action plan? What tactics will you use
to manage implementation across business functions? What can you do to enhance
collaboration/cross-functionality to ensure the success of your plan?
3. Timeline: Create a timeline to implement the proposed improvement to the problem and
identify the critical path components.
4. Communication plan: Using your completed quality tools analysis and stakeholder
analysis, create a communication plan for disseminating your action plan to all of the
stakeholders. Which strategies do you plan to utilize and why? Your plan should
demonstrate how you plan to use formal and informal communication channels to
implement the plan. In addition, explain how the communication plan addresses what you
are hoping to achieve with your goal.
Project Kickoff and Implementation of the Project
Successfully improving the value chain requires the willingness of required stakeholders to
participate. Imagine you are presenting your project plan in a meeting to all the essential
stakeholders for approval. Effective oral communication is essential in the business setting so
you will need to present your project plan logically and comprehensively to the stakeholders.
Create a PowerPoint presentation (7-10 slides) specifying the problem statement, stakeholders,
proposed solution, timeline, and communication plan to implement the project. Record yourself
presenting the plan and then post your video using YouTube, Vimeo, or any other video site that
allows you to post your video. Be sure to address the “why” and “how” in your narrative. Refer
to the materials section of Topic 8 for privacy settings when using YouTube.
Phase III: Evaluation
In the final step for your plan, state in 250-300 words the metrics you will use to determine
project implementation success. Please justify why you have selected those metrics. Include
specific metrics that will be used to evaluate the success of the implementation. How long will
the project team monitor project implementation?
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to
become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the
Student Success Center.
General Project Requirements
While APA format is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is
expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines,
which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to
become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the
Student Success Center.
2
Running head: Benchmark Process Improvement Project: Phase 1
Benchmark Process Improvement Project: Phase 1
Haneol Yoo
Grand Canyon University: MGT 655
January 30, 2019
1
Benchmark Process Improvement Project: Phase 1
2
Benchmark Process Improvement Project: Phase 1
In now days, lots of business is in the world and most of company are under supply chain
management. Supply chain management is management plan that control and can see product
flow, from raw materials to delivery to customers in cost-effective and simple way. Good supply
chain management can increase profits, lower cost, and efficiencies (Rouse, n.d.). Bad supply
chain management can reduce customer and it can hurt brand image and eventually business will
fall down. This paper will talk about retail store specifically dollar store organization’s supply
chain management processes and identify a process that can be improved supply chain
management.
Quality Tool Analysis
The main problem for the dollar store is some customers are not happy about our
supplies. Reasons why they are not satisfy our products customers want to buy high quality
product in cheap price. Root cause analysis is problem solving method that used for continuous
improvement. One of the tools for root cause analysis is 5 whys. The root cause of dollar store’s
problem is customer’s view point and retailer’s view point are different. For using 5 why
company can start first why. First why can be why some customer is not happy our
merchandises?
Company can find out what customers’ willing to pay. However, they cannot satisfy high
quality products. Why 2 can be why company can’t fulfillment quality of products that customer
want? Many of dollar stores are using private company because they are cheaper than major
company. So they order merchandises from them. Third why can be why company cannot find
well-known brand in cheap price? Major companies have lots of loyal customers and they will
buy major company’s item no matter how much they are cost. And price for major companies’
Benchmark Process Improvement Project: Phase 1
3
item is expensive because of brand loyalty. So retail store need to find private company to fulfill
customer’s willing to pay price. Fourth why can be why customers are not content private
company’s item even though it is cheaper than major company? Customers cannot trust private
company because cheap merchandise might include toxic chemicals. In addition, for instance,
when customer buy small company’s make up, it might cause allergy or skin trouble because
merchandises is lack of information or not enough information. Final why can be why small
companies’ products are not have enough information? Because they might not have enough
budgets to advertise or to reduce their product cost, they skipped or minimize their
advertisement.
Quality tools that dollar store can used to identify and vet the problem is cause-and effect
diagram which is fishbone chart. Fishbone chart is good for when company need to find out what
is possible causes for a problem (Jacobs & Chase, 2014). Company need to choose fishbone
chart because when problem is happening, company can see easily where the problem is and how
they can solve the problems.
Quantitative tool is forecasting model that company can predict for order and make it
better supply chain. For quantitative tools that company can use for solving their problem is time
series analysis. Time series analysis is forecasting tools that use it past data and predict future
data (Jacobs & Chase, 2014). For using time series analysis and make it improvement, they order
what customer want which is better quality model made form major company, and control
inventory order based on previous data. At first, company doesn’t know how many items they
need to order. However, when they have enough data can calculate, they can control the
inventory.
Benchmark Process Improvement Project: Phase 1
4
Qualitative tools that dollar store can use is market research and panel consensus. Market
research can use for new idea whether customer like it or dislike about products that company
have in current situation. Firms can collect data in variety way like surveys or interview (Jacobs
& Chase, 2014). To using market research, company can do survey to their customer how they
like company’s goods. For example, company can make survey that they need to order better
quality item or not. Based on survey results, company can decide better decision to make it
better.
Panel consensus is similar as market research. Panel consensus is gathering data from
many people in variety position. They can exchange their idea freely (Jacobs & Chase, 2014).
Based on the collected data, company can decide to find better quality item.
Stakeholder Analysis
Stakeholders are person or group that can be Influence Company directly or indirectly by
business’s decision (Jacobs & Chase, 2014). Stakeholder can be employees, investor, manager,
owner, and customer. Stakeholder analysis is important because it can be identify and can
analyze what stakeholder need. The purpose of stakeholder analysis is figure out the relationship
between different stakeholders (Smith 2000). Power/interest gird for stakeholder is important
because firm can see what their roll is and how they satisfied their position (Thompson, n. d.).
Owner and manager have high power and high interest in their job, so they are located in manage
closely. Employees are not managed closely but they are keep satisfied but not as much as
powerful as owner or manager. For customer they have low power and middle interest in the
business because as long as business is often and they are satisfying company and they will come
back. Investor have interest that is high as manager and owner because they invest their money
Benchmark Process Improvement Project: Phase 1
5
in their business. But investors are not running business; they have less power than owner,
manager, and employee.
(Mind tool Interactive screen
App)
Conclusion
In conclusion, this paper talks about what is problem of retail store specifically dollar
store and identify a process that can be improved. To improve their business, they need to figure
it out what is their problem and what is root cause of the problem. After that, they need to use
root-cause analysis to solve a problem. Also, find what is best for quality, quantitative and
qualitative tools can belong to the company and make forecast and prepare future. Finally,
knowing their stakeholder and stakeholder analysis is important for company to identify and
analyze company’s stakeholders.
Benchmark Process Improvement Project: Phase 1
6
Reference
Jacobs, F. R., & Chase, R. B. (2014). Operations and Supply Chain Management. New York:
McGraw-Hill.
Larry, S. W. (2000, September 7). Stakeholder analysis a pivotal practice of successful projects.
Retrieved January 30, 2019, from https://www.pmi.org/learning/library/stakeholderanalysis-pivotal-practice-projects-8905
Rouse, M. (n.d.). What is supply chain management (SCM)? – Definition from WhatIs.com.
Retrieved January 29, 2019, from https://searcherp.techtarget.com/definition/supplychain-management-SCM
Thompson, R. (n.d.). Stakeholder AnalysisWinning Support for Your Projects. Retrieved January
30, 2019, from https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newPPM_07.htm#Interactive
Han
The purpose of this assignment was to identify a process that can be improved and complete a
process improvement project. Phase 1 was the design of the improvement opportunity. This
requires the completion of a problem statement, root cause analysis, defining the qualitative and
quantitative tools used to determine the problem, and a stakeholder analysis. You started with a
solid purpose statement. There are major issues with the problem statement. You went through a
5 why but did not include the chart I posted to the Questions to instructor Topic 7 Statement
information ***I AM IMPORTANT SO READ ME details about this area and attached the 5
whys diagram. You never include the specific problem statement which must have What is the
problem, Who does the problem effect, and A possible solution to the problem. The solution is
the process you want to improve in 1-2 sentences. You never specifically state the process but I
am gathering it is the decision-making part of the purchasing process. It would seem that this
decision making is not solid or does not take into account the desire of the customer to get high
quality goods at cheap prices. Since this is the DOLLAR store you can set the unit price at 1
dollar then use some source for high quality goods or some set of criteria to determine high
quality and thus improve this part of the process. You addressed none of these issues except to
Benchmark Process Improvement Project: Phase 1
7
state they are problems but in phase II you need to set a strategy or find a methodology. Your
quantitative tool targeted forecasting which does not vet or support the problem or give you
something you can measure in the evaluation stage of the project. The stakeholder grid was
included but the summary was weak and needed more details so in the next assignment you can
develop a communication plan. I am concerned with the major flaws in your purpose statement
and the lack of a quantitative tool along with a process that I could not define. I suggest you look
over my feedback and if there are any questions you need to get with me immediately either by
email or preferably over the phone so that we can get you the details to aid in your understanding
to be successful in the final project. Please let me know if you have any questions.
Topic 7 Benchmark – Process Improvement Project: Phase I
2
1
3
Less than
Unsatisfactory
Satisfactory
Satisfactory
0.00%
79.00%
74.00%
70.0 %Content
40.0 %Quality
Tool Analysis
30.0
%Stakeholder
Analysis
4
Good
87.00%
5
Excellent
100.00%
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Benchmark Process Improvement Project: Phase 1
presentation.
Supporting sources
are present and
that show limited
understanding of
the content.
minimal gaps.
Supporting sources
are present and
show some
understanding of
the content.
makes meaningful connections with
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no gaps.
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Supporting sources are present that
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the content.
Thesis is
Thesis is apparent
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vague. Purpose is
not clear.
Thesis is clear and Thesis is
forecasts the
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the paper. Thesis essence of the
is descriptive and paper. Thesis
reflective of the statement makes
arguments and
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purpose.
Statement of
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conclusion. The
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Argument is
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Sufficient
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There are obvious
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Some sources have
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Argument shows Clear and
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argument that
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Surface errors are
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word choice or
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20.0
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7.0 %Thesis
Paper lacks any
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20.0
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and
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8.0 %Argument
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20.0
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5.0 %Mechanics
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10.0
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8
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Benchmark Process Improvement Project: Phase 1
10.0
Sources are not
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of Sources
(citations,
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appropriate to
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Documentation of
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Sources are
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9
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appropriate to
assignment and
style, and format
is free of error.
Operations Management MGT-655
TOOLS USED IN OPERATIONS
MANAGEMENT
TOPIC 7
1/28/2019
DR. STEVEN GILLETTE
INTRODUCTION
• Review topic 5 paper and Topic 6 assignment
• Evaluate how to use tools of many types to effectively analyze
and improve manufacturing processes
• Describe how project management can be used to effectively
implement supply chain strategies
• Identify the key elements of project management including a
timeline and a critical path.
• DQ 7-2
FAITH AND WORK
”Do not judge, or you too will be judged. For in the same way
you judge others, you will be judged, and with the measure
you use, it will be measured to you” Matthew 7:1-2
TOPIC 5 PAPER REVIEW
• Purpose statements
• Not a preview of the subject
• A preview of the entire paper content
• 3-5 sentences
• Start the 2nd page with the title of the paper matching the
title on the title page exactly
• APA paper format
• Review sample APA paper
• Review Graduate Style guide
PURPOSE STATEMENT EXAMPLE
TECHNOLOGY RESOURCE REVIEW
Good
Global collaboration required that
educational leaders locate,
understand, and use technology
resources. There are many
technology tools available, and the
number of tools has dramatically
increased over the last few years. An
examination of the technology
resource’s parameters aimed at
promoting global collaboration might
be valuable.
Not So Good (really very bad)
The ability to bring global collaboration
and improve student engagement
began with knowing the appropriate
resources. Some resources will be
reviewed because resources are the
name of the game and the bomb. No
resource means students do not learn
anything. Todays students expect
technology in the classroom.
From a Social and Global Perspectives of Teacher Leadership Graduate Class
TOOLS FOR EFFECTIVE ANALYSIS OF PROCESSES
• Tools, Strategies and Methodologies form the basis of an
analysis
• Must examine parameters and underpinning
• One can adapted tools, strategies and methodologies as
long as you track your adaptation
• Aimed at Topic 8 more then Topic 7
• Topic 7 is past
• Topic 8 is future
Eliminates waste that results from a poorly organized work area
5S
Common steps in Lean Deployment to Drive Change
The approach to a clean, organized and functional environment
ANDON
Real-time communication tool that brings immediate attention to problems as they occur – so they can be instantly addressed
BOTTLENECK
Improves throughput by strengthening the weakest link in the manufacturing process
CONTINUOUS FLOW
Eliminates many forms of waste
G
E
M
B
A
Promotes a deep and thorough understanding of real-world manufacturing issues – by first-hand observation and by talking
with plant floor employees.
G
e
m
b
a
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
• The approach to a clean, organized and functional environment.
• Promotes a deep and thorough understanding of real-world
manufacturing issues
• What is tool that promotes make one move one
• Improves throughput by strengthening the weakest link in the
manufacturing process
HEIJUNKA
• A relationship between predictability, flexibility and stability
• Provides predictability by leveling demand
• Flexibility by decreasing changeover time
• Stability by averaging production volumes and types over time
• Began with Takt time and end with a heijunka box
• Takt time is the time it takes to produce a product to meet
customer demand
• A heijunka box is a simple visualization of production using
cards to signal production by interval of work
A form of production scheduling that purposely manufactures in much smaller batches by sequencing (mixing)
product variants within the same process.
Leveling demand
Decreasing changeover
Averaging production volumes and types over time
HEJJUNKA BOX
JUST-IN-TIME
Reducing inventory levels. Improves cash flow and reduces space requirements.
HEIJUNKA
VS JUST IN TIME
Heijunka
Just In Time
• Meet customer demand in
total over a given production
period
• Finished good inventory to
make up for a short period of
high demand
• Predictable work Schedules
• Overtimes savings
• Meet customer demand upon
request
• Reduce finished goods inventory
• Unpredictable work schedule
• Overtime Occasionally
HOSHIN KANRI
Policy deployment
JIDOKA
Autonomation
• Intelligent
automation with the
human touch
• Based on four
principles
• Detect the
abnormality
• Stop
• Fix or correct the
immediate
condition
• Investigate the
root cause and
install
countermeasure
KAIZEN
A strategy of work together proactively to achieve regular, incremental improvements in the a process.
SELF AUTONOMOUS WORK TEAM
DMAIC CYCLE
Define – identify customers and their priorities
Measure – determine how to measure the
process and how it is performing
Analyze – determine the most likely causes of
defects
Improve – identify means to remove the
causes of defects
Control – determine how to maintain the
improvements
PLAN – DO –CHECK – ACT (PDCA)
• Plan – Establish
objectives and
processes required
to deliver results
• Do – enact plan
• Check – data and
results are
gathered
• Act – process is
improved and
adjustments made
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
• Relates to small group activities
• What methodology adds the human touch to automation.
• A methodology that reduces inventory levels, improves cash
flow and reduces space requirements.
• A methodology for policy deployment.
• A strategy of work together proactively to achieve regular,
incremental improvements in the a process .
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
• What is a project?
• A series of related jobs, usually directed toward some major
output and requiring a significant period of time to perform.
• What is project management?
• Planning, directing, and controlling resources (people,
equipment, material, etc.) to meet the technical, cost, and
time constraints of the project.
• Why is project management important?
• At the highest levels of an organization, management often
involves juggling a portfolio of projects.
TYPES OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
Degree of Change
Type of
Project
PROJECT STRUCTURE
• Pure Project
• A self-contained team works full-time on the project.
• Functional Project
• Responsibility for the project lies within one functional
area of the firm. Employees from that area work on the
project, usually only part-time.
• Matrix Project
• A blend of pure and functional project structures – people
from different functional areas work on the project,
possibly only part-time
PURE PROJECT STRUCTURE
Advantages
Disadvantages
• The project manager has full authority
• Team members report to one boss
• Shortened communication lines
• Team pride, motivation, and commitment are high
• Duplication of resources
• Organizational goals and policies are ignored
• Lack of technology transfer
• Team members have no functional area “home”
FUNCTIONAL PROJECT STRUCTURE
Advantages
Disadvantages
People
managing
projects
• A team member can work on several projects
• Technical expertise maintained in functional area
• Functional area is “home” after project completed
• Critical mass of specialized knowledge
• Aspects of the project that are not directly related to the
functional area get short-changed
• Motivation of team members is often weak
• Needs of the client are secondary and are responded to slowly
MATRIX PROJECT STRUCTURE
Advantages
• Better communications between
functional areas
• Project manager held responsible for
success
• Duplication of resources is minimized
• Functional “home” for team members
• Policies of the parent organization are
followed
Disadvantages
• Too many bosses
• Depends on project manager’s
negotiating skills
• Potential for sub-optimization
Project
managers
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
• A project structured where a self-contained team works full
•
•
•
•
•
time on the project.
What are the four major categories of projects based on the
type of change involved?
What are the three types of projects based on the amount of
change involved?
A team structure that has a project manager leads personnel
from different functional areas.
A team structure with team member reporting to many bosses
and duplication of resources is minimized
A team structure that has the project housed within a
functional division of the firm
DINNER BREAK
Take 30
DEFINING THE PROJECT
• Statement of Work (SOW)
• A brief statement of the work to be completed
• Proposed schedule – start and completion dates
• Performance measures
• Project completion – written reports and deliverable to be provided
• Task
• A further subdivision of a project
• Work performed by a group or groups
• Usually shorter than several months
• Subtasks are created to further divide project into meaningful
pieces
DEFINING THE PROJECT
• Work Packages
• Group of activities assignment to a single group
• Project Milestone
• Specific events in the life of the project
• Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
• Defines the hierarchy of project tasks, subtasks, and
work packages
• Activities
• Pieces of work that consume time
WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE (WBS)
Overview
Details
WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE – LARGE OPTICAL SCANNER
DESIGN
Overview
Details
NETWORK-PLANNING MODELS
• A project is made up of a sequence of activities
(nodes) that form a network representing a
project.
• The path taking longest time through the
network of activities is called the “critical path.”
• The critical path provides a wide range of
scheduling information useful in managing a
project.
• Critical path method (CPM) helps to identify the
critical path(s) in the project networks.
CRITICAL PATH METHOD (CPM)
• Identify each activity to be done and estimate how long it will
take.
• Determine the required sequence and construct a network
diagram.
• First identify immediate predecessors
• Activities needing to be completed immediately before others
• Determine the critical path.
• Determine the early start/finish and late start/finish schedule.
• Four points in time surrounding an activity
• Slack time – the time an activity can be delayed without delaying
project
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
• Specific events that upon completion mark important progress
toward completing a project.
• What is the term for a group of project activities that are
assigned to a single organizational unit?
• This defines the hierarchy of project tasks, subtasks, and work
packages.
• Pieces of work in a project that consume time to complete.
• If I have multiple critical paths, I should select the shortest
path as I want to finish the project quicker
EXAMPLE 4.1 – IDENTIFY ACTIVITIES AND CONSTRUCT
NETWORK
C(7)
F(8)
G(2)
A(21)
B(5)
D(2)
E(5)
EARLY START/FINISH AND LATE START/FINISH DEFINED
• Early start and early finish are the
earliest times that the activity can
start and be finished
• Late start and late finish are the
latest times the activities can start
and finish without delaying the
project.
• The difference between the late
start time and early start time is
the slack time. 0 slack indicates
Critical Path
ALTERATIVE EARLY START/FINISH AND LATE
START/FINISH
DETERMINE EARLY START/EARLY FINISH AND LATE START/LATE
FINISH SCHEDULE
0
28
21
Critical
Path 1:
ACFG
C(7)
21
F(8)
28
21
36
28
36
28
A(21)
Des.
Pre
A
–
B
A
C
A
D
B
E
C,D
F
C,D
G
E,F
0